Book Review
Siddhartha Mukherjee:
The Emperor of All Maladies
Constructing a biography of cancer from radical removal to personalised medicine, Mukherjee demonstrates that the war with cancer may best be won by redefining what we mean by victory.
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Writing a book charting cancer’s journey through history seems an odd method of escaping the intensity of training in cancer medicine. However, it soon becomes clear why Sidhartha Mukherjee took on this task. He does not see cancer as an alien invader but a part of ourselves- a part that if we wish to manage, we must first strive to understand. Just as the patients he treats become master storytellers, he believes cancer too has its story.
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In 1600BC, an Egyptian doctor records the first known description of cancer. When considering treatment he simply comments ‘none’. For the following several thousand years, cancer was the unmentionable ‘C’ word, an unsolvable and painful enigma. In the 1950s, The New York Times blocked an advert aiming to form a support group for women with breast cancer. The reason- the words ‘cancer and ‘breast’ were too indelicate and might worry the public; ‘disease of the chest wall’ was deemed to be a safer bet.
Then, a new era dawned and the ‘war’ on cancer began. Mukherjee covers the amazing course of human discovery in cancer- from Sidney Faber, the father of chemotherapy, to the more recent genetic discoveries of BRCA1/2.
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But Mukherjee importantly highlights that whilst the story of cancer is one of human ingenuity and resilience, it is also one of paternalism, misconception and defeat. In recounting the dangerous and deadly race of surgeons in the ‘60s whom seemed to compete to perform more and more radical surgeries, the author reminds us that cancer is not our only enemy. Here, bold breakthroughs moved swiftly to primitive miscalculation.
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Since 1950, rates of flu and pneumonia have dropped by 58%, heart disease by 64%. Cancer rates have only decreased by 5%; meagre in comparison. However, although Mukherjee offers no false hope, he allows himself a vague optimism for the future. Cancer is not like any other disease; “it becomes common only when all other killers themselves have been killed”.
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In an age where medicine is progressing leaps and bounds, and where people are living much longer lives, perhaps the two emerging finalists in the competition to end life are Old Age and Cancer. Nevertheless, the future remains exciting and the fight against cancer continues- stronger than ever.
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-Isabel Mason